Kastellorizo, also known by its ancient name Megisti and Turkish name Meis, is a small island with a history that far exceeds its size.
Located at the easternmost tip of Greece, just 2.5 km from the Turkish coast, this island has played a pivotal role in the history of the Mediterranean. From its ancient beginnings as part of the Lycian civilization to its significant role in both the Byzantine and Ottoman Empires, Kastellorizo is a microcosm of the broader history of the region.
The island’s strategic location has made it a desirable prize for numerous civilizations throughout history. During the Byzantine era, the island was fortified and later passed into the hands of the Knights of St. John in the 14th century, who built the Castel Rosso, the red castle that gave the island its name. The castle, which still stands today overlooking the harbor, served as a military outpost during several medieval conflicts and remains a symbol of the island’s historic importance.
In more recent times, Kastellorizo endured turbulent changes, shifting between Italian, French, and British rule before finally becoming part of Greece in 1948.
World War II saw the island severely damaged by bombings, and many residents fled, leaving a ghostly town of empty mansions and ruins. However, this melancholic history contributed to its charm.
The island’s modern fame was cemented in 1992 when the Oscar-winning movie Mediterraneo was filmed here, showcasing its beauty to the world. The film depicted a group of Italian soldiers stationed on the island during World War II who eventually integrate into the local community, mirroring the peaceful, timeless nature of Kastellorizo that still exists today.
Another cultural gem tied to the island is the haunting instrumental Castellorizon by Pink Floyd guitarist David Gilmour.
Gilmour composed the piece after spending time on the island, capturing its serene isolation and rugged beauty in musical form. The track, named after the island's ancient fort, further highlights Kastellorizo's unique ability to inspire creativity.
Today, the island remains a haven for artists, travelers, and history enthusiasts. Its ruins, old Lycian tombs, and medieval fortifications tell the tale of a place where time seems to have stood still, even as it carries echoes of civilizations long gone.
